Chhath puja bharat ka ek ssabse pavitra or ssuddh yyohar hai . Jo jyadatar bihar ,jharkhand or purvanchal uttar pradesh ,aur nepal ke kuch jagaho me manaya jata hai . Is parv ko bharat ka sabhi parvo se bhi jyada mahan mana gya hai ,isliye is parv ko sab mahaparv kahte hai. Is parv me surya bhagwan or chhati maiya ka puja hota hai . ye parv ko karna bahut mana gya hai or ye parv bahut kathin hai. Ye parv chaar din ke vrat ka hota hai mushkil niyamo ke sath . Iska pahla din nahay khaye hai ,is din ko chhath puja ki shuruwat mana gya hai.
To aaiye jante hai ki nahay khaye ke pahle din kya kya hota hai ,is din ka kya mahatva hai ,or log ise kaise manate hai .
Chhath puja ke char din
1. Nahay khaye – Pehla din suddhi or shuruwat ka din hota hai is maha parv ka .
2. Kharna – Dusra din nirjala vrat or kheer puri ka prasad .
3. Sandhya arghaya – Tisra din dubte hue surya ki puja or arghaya .
4. Usha arghaya – Chautha din ugte hue surya ki puja or arghaya .
Isme sabse pehla din nahay khaye hota hai ,is din se hi is pavitra mahaparv ki shuruwat hoti hai.
Nahay khaye ka arth or mahatva
Nahay khaye ka arth hota hai – nha kar pavitra hona or suddh khana khana ,is din vrat rakhne wale vrati nha kar saf or pavitra kapde me vrat ka niyam se shuruwat krti hain.
Nahay khaye ke din ki tithi or samay
Nahay khaye ka din kartik mahine ki sukla paksh ki chaturthi tithi ko manaya jata hai. YYe dipawli kke khatam hone ke bad chhathe din hota hai . Nahay khaye ek subh muhurat me hi kiya jata hai. kuch log ganga nadi me nahan jyada subh mante hai.
Kaun kaun is din vrat krte hai
Chhath puja jyadatar mahilaye hi krti hai , lekin ab ke samay purush bhi is parv ko puri sachhe man or nishtha se krte hai. Jo chhath puja krta hain use vrati kaha jata hain. Vrati ke alawa is parv me pure parivar ki bhagidari hoti hai , or sabhi log milkar is parv ko manate hain or anand lete hain. Nahay khaye ke din vtraiyo ka khana alag se banta hai ,is samay pure me suddhata ka visesh dhyan rakha jata hain.
Nahay khaye ke din kya -kya hota hain
1. Subah nahan or ghar ki safai
Nahay khaye ke din vrtai subah jaldi nha lete hain . Kuch log ganga me nahana ya kisi pavitra talab ya nadi me dubki lagana pasand krte hain. Iske bad ghar ki saf -safai ki jati hain , khaaskar kitchen ko gobar or mitti se lipa jata hain (gaon me ), ya pure kitchen ko dhoya jata hai(shahar mein ) .Vrati log ke liye ek liye ek alag kitchen banaya jata hain jha sirf vrati log ka khana banta hain.
2. Pavitra bhojan ka taiyyar krna
Is din ka khana bahut hi suddh banaya jat hai . Vrati ke liye ek alag mitti ka chulha (gaon mein ) ya phir gas stove par alag bartano me banya jata hai jo suddh ho .
Is din ke khane me jo banta hai use kaddu -bhat kha jat hain ,jisme :
- Kaddu (lauki ) – Suddh ghee mein banaya jata hain.
- Arwa chawal (saada chawal ) – Bina masale ka sada chawal banaya jata hain.
- Chana dal – Kuch jagaho par chana dal bhi banaya jata hai.
- Ghee – Pure desi ghee ka upyog kiya hai gay ka .
Khaane mein lahsun ,pyaz ,haldi ,mirch jaise tikhe masae nahi dale jate hain. Khana puri pavitrata k esath banaya jata hai . Is khane ka sabse phle bhog lagay jata hai vratiyo ke dwara phir vrati is khane ko khud prasad ke roop me khate hain.
3. Vrati ka khana (ek baar )
Nahay khaye ke din vrati sirf ek bar hi khana khati hai . Ise “ekanna bhojan
‘ kahte hain . Khana khane se pahle vrati surya bhagwan or chhati maiya ka dhyan krte hain tab khana khate hain.
Is din ke bad vratiyo ko namak bhi nhi khana hota hai , Agle din se unhe nirjala upwas rakhna hota hain ,Isliye nahay khaye ka khana sharir ko takat dene wala hona chahiye.
4. Suddhata ka dhyan
Is din ghar ke sar log nha kar saf kapde pahante hain or koi bhi jhooth ye sab nhi bolta hai . Vrati ke kapde nirmal or naye hote hain -aurton ke liye sadi safed ya halke rang me , or ladko ke liye dhoti -kurta ya phir suti kapde .
Ghar me koi bhi khana masaledar ya hotel ye sab ka khana nahi khate hai or banate hain. Sari chije swadesi or pavitra hoti hain.
Nahay khaye ke samay kuch vishesh niyam
- Vrati or parivar ke sabhi log lahsun -pyaj ye sab ka bna hua kuch bhi nhi khate hain.
- Ghar me non-veg (maans ,machali ,chicken ) ye sab bilkul bhi nhi banta hain.
- Vrati ke liye khan aekdum alag rasoi mein banta hain.
- Vrati sirf ek bar hi khana kha sakti hai wo bhi surya ko bhog lagakar .
- Is din se niyam ,saiyam or satvikta ki shuruwat hoti hain.
Bhakti or shraddha ka aadhar
Is din se vrati apne man ,vachan or karm ke pavitra ho jate hain. Poore man se surya dev or chhati maiya ki aradhna ,dhyan or puja ki jati hain. Is pure vrat me bhakti ,shraddha or aatma -vishwas ki pradhanta hoti hain.
Sanskritik mahatva
Nahay khaye sirf ek din ka ritual nahi , balki ek sanskriti ki pratinidhitwa krta hai . Ye hme batata hai ki kis prarak ek samaaj milkar pravitra or shraddha se ek tyohar manata hai. Isme parivarik melmilap or ,samuhik khana or pyar ko dikhata hai.
Shahar or gaon me antar
- Gaon me log mitti ke chulme me ladki se khana banate hain , aur tulsi ke samne diya jalakar aradhna ya prathna krte hain.
- Shahar me log stove ka use krte hai ,lekin pavitrata ka pura dhyan rakhte hain.
Lekin shraddha or niyam dono barabar hote hain . sahar or gan ke niyam dono thode alag hai lekin vrat ko karne ka shraddha or bhaw dono ke same hain or dono ke parv ko bahut hi niyam se krte hain .