Chhath puja bharat ka sabse purana aur sabse pavitra parwo me se ek hai . Ye tyohar sabse main bihar ,jharkhand ,purvanchal (uttar pradesh ke purvi hisse ) ,nepal ke terai kshetra or ab pure bahrat me kai shahro me bade shraddha bhav se manaya jata hai. Ye parv surya bhagwan or unki patni usha or pratyusha ko samarpit hota hai . Chhath puja ke samay log surya bhagwan ko arghaya dete hain. Nadiyo ,talab aur ghato par vrat rakhkar prathna karte hain.
Chhath puja ka itihas bahut purana hai. Yeh sawal na sirf najariye se mahatvapurna hai balki ,iska jod prakriti ,swathya aur jeevan se bhi hai . Aaiye iska itihas ,mahatva aur katha detail me jante hai or samajhte hain.
Chhath puja ka arth
“Chhath ” shabd sanskrit ke ‘shashthi” se nikla hai , jiska arth hota hai chhatha din . Ye puja kartik sukla paksh ke chhathe din hai ,jo dipawli ke chaar din bad aati hai.
Is puja ka pramukh uddeshya hai:
- Surya dev se aarogya aur samriddhi or parivar ki sukh-shanti ke liye prathna karna .
- Usha aur pratyusha ( subah or sham ki kiran) ko naman karna .
- Jeevan ke mool tatvo jo jeevan ke ke liye bahut jaruri hai -pani ,aag ,hawa ,dharti aur aasman ke prati kartagyata pradarshit karna .
Chhath puja ke itihasik or dharmik sandarbh
1. Rigveda me surya upasana
Rigveda me surya bhagwan ko jeevan ka mool kaha gya hai. Unhe prakash ,urja aur aarogya ka devta mana gya hai. Rigveda ke mantro me surya dev ki stuti ki gayi hai, jisse hi chhath puj aki prathana ki jad payi jati hai .
2. Ramayan katha
Ramayan ke anusar ,jab shri ram aur sita mata ne vanvas ke baad ayodhya wapas aur jab rajyabhishek hua ,tab mata sita ne kartik sukla paksh ki shasthi ko surya dev ki aradhna ki thi . Ye puja unhone apne parivar ki samriddhi aur praja ke kalyam ke liye ki thi . Tab se chhath puja ka mahatva aur bhi badh gya .
3. Mahabharat katha
Mahabharat me bhi chhath puja ka ulllekh milta hai . Kaha jata hai ki kunti putra karna ,jo surya putra the ,surya dev ka ardent bhakt tha . Wo roj surya bhagwan ko jal arpa karta tha aur unki aradhna karta tha . Issi karan use ati shaktishali aur tejjasvi banne ka vardan mila . Kuch itihaskar ise bhi chhath puja ki mul prerna mante hai.
Mahabharat me bhi draupadi aur pandavo ne rajya aur praja kii sukh-shanti or amriddhi ke liye surya dev ki aradhna ki thi . Ye bhi chhath puja ka ek purana aadhar mana jata hain.
4. Surya putra karna ki parampara
Karna ke jivan se judi ek katha yeh bhi hai ki usne apne har ek yuddh se pahle surya dev ki puja ki hai. Isse prerna lekar logo ne surya dev ki puja ko apnaya jo aaj chhath puja ke roop me manai jati hai.
Chhath puja ka vrat or parampara
Chhath puja ki prakriya 4din tak chalti hai. Iske daurna vratdhari (jise parvaitin kaha ) jata haibahut hi mushkil niyam palan karte hain. Ye vrat jyadatar mahilaye karti hain,leki purush bhi karte hain.
1. Nahay khaye(pehla din)
Is din parvaitin nadi ya talab me nha kar apna sharir or man suddh karti hai .Ghar me satvik khana (kadam chawal or lauki ki sabji ) bana kar khaya jata hain.
2. Kharna (dusra din)
Is din parvaitin puja din nirjala vrat arakhti hain aur sham ko gud-kheer ,kela or roti khakar vrat todte hian. Is prasad ko parivar or gaon wale logo me bata jata hain.
3. Sandhya arghaya (teesra din)
Is din sham ko suraj dhalne ke samay nadi ,talab ya ghat par jaakar surya ko arghaya diya jata hai. Is samay vrati ke sath uske parivar wale or samuday ke log bhi shamil hote hai or ghat par sath me jate hai. . Dhoop ,diya ,thekuwa , phal aur deepdan kiya jata hain.
4. Usha arghaya (chautha din)
Aakhri din subah ke suraj ugne ke samay pani me khade hokar arghaya diya jata hai. Iske bad vrat tod diya jata hai.
Chhath puja ke itihasik mahatva
1. Prakriti or swasthya se juda hua
Pehle ke samay me log prakriti ke devtao ki puja karte the . Surya ko urja or swasthya ka mool mana jata tha . Vrat ke muskhkill niyam -jaise nirjala rahna ,mitti ya pani ke ghato me khade rahna ye sab sharir ko suddh karne or mansik shakti ko badhane me sahayak hote hain.
2. Samajik ekta ka pratik
Chhath puja ke samay koi jati se bhed bhav ,ya dharma se bhedbhav ya varg bhed ye sab nhi hota hai. Sab log ek sath ghat par surya ko arghaya dete hain. Ye ekta or samanta ka pratik hai.
3. Gramin jivan se juda hua
Bihar ,jharkhand or purvanchal ke log pramukh roop se kisan hai. unka jivan prakriti aur surya urja par nirbhar hai. Isliye chhath puja unke jivan ka aadhar hai.
Lok kathaye or vishwaason ki jadh
Chhath puj ake sath anek lok kathaye judi hui hain:
- Kaha jata hai ki agar koi manokamna lekar chhath ka vrat karta hai to uski ichha puri hoti hai.
- Kuch log ise santa prapti se jodte hain. Bahut si kahaniya milti hain jisme jinke bachhe nahi hote chhath puja karne se unhe santan prapti hoti hain.
- Lok vishwas hain ki is vrat samay sharir,or man suddh hote hain ,or surya dev apne bhakto ko rogi -mukti dete hain.
Chhath puja aur aadhunik yug
Aj ke samay me bhi chhath puj aki wahi bhawna bani hui hai. Chahe log shahro me rahte ho ya videsh me ,wo is vrat ko utni shraddha or bhakti ke sath manate hain. Patna ,delhi , mumbai jaise bade shahro mr bhi bade-bade ghat banaye jate hain.
Technology ke jamane me log inline saman mangwate hain , lekin puja ki pavitrata aur mushkil niyam ko utni hi imandari se nibhaya jata hai .
Chhath puja ek aisa tyohar hai jisme dharm ,sanskriti ,vigyan aur prakriti sabhi ek sath judte hain . Iska itihas rigveda ,ramayan or mahabharat se juda hua hain. Ye sirf surya bhagwan ki puj anahi hai balki prakriti aur jeevan ke prati kartagyata ka pradarshan karta hain .
Chhath puja hame ye sikhati hain ki jivan me aarogya ,shakti aur samanta kiti mahatvapurna hai. Ye ek samudaik aur parivarik tyohar hai jo logo ko ek sath jode hue rakhta hai bina kisi bhedbhav ke .