Bharat ek aisa desh h jha tyohar jivan ka abhinn hissa h. Yha ka har tyohar sirf dharmik anushthan nhi hota h, balki smaj ki sasnskriti ,prampraor manyatao se bhi gahrai se juda hota h. Bharat ke inhi tyoharo me se ek h dipawli ya diwali jo sabse pramukh or likpriya tyohar h. Ye tyohar andhere se prakash , agyan se gyan or burai par achchhai ki jeet ka pratik h. Diwali ka itihas hajaro sal purana h, jo anek grantho , kavidantiyo or etihasik ghatna se juda hua h.
1. DIPAWLI SHABD OR USKA AATH
“Dipawli ” shabd sanskrit ke do shabdo se milkar bna h -deep (diya ya roshni ) or aawli (line ya shrinkhla ) Iska matlab dipawli ka aarth h ” diyo ki line ” . Is din gharo , mandiro , galiyo or chauk -chaurahe par diya jalate h jisse vatavaran pura roshni se jagmaga uthta h.
2. PAURANIK MANYATAYE OR KATHAYE
Diwali ka itihas kai purani kathao se juda hua h. Alag -alag dharmqa grantho or purano me ise alag -alag kathao s joda gya h .
- Bhagwan ram ka ayodhya aagman :- Sabse jani mani katha ramayan se judi h. Jab bhagwan ram 14 sal ka vanvas pura krke ravan ko markar ayodhya wapas aaye ,tab ayodhya ke logo ne diya jalakr unka swagat kiya . Puri ayodhya nagri diyo se chamak utha tha . Tabhi se is din ko dipawli ke roop me manane ki parampara shuru hui . Ye katha andhera (ravan or adahrm ) par prkash ( ram or dharm) ki jeet ka pratik h .
- Shree krishna or narkasur vadh :- Dusri manyata shri krishna se judi hui h. Manyata h ki dwapar yug me narkasur nam ke rakshas ne 16,000 ladkiyo ki bandi bna liya tha . Shre krishna ne usko markar un lakiyo ki mukt karaya tha . Narkasur mrityu ki jeet ke roop me narak chaturdashi ke roop me dipawli se ek din phle manai jati h.
- Mata lakshmi ka janm :- Purano ke anusar, smudra manthan ke ke samay kartik amavasya ke din maa lakshmi prakat hui thi . Lakshmi ko dhan ,vaibhaw or samriddhi ki devi mana jata h. Isi karan dipawli ki rat ko mata lakshmi ki puja ki jati h. or unse apne ghar me dhan ki vriddhi ho or unka vaibhav rahe or ghar ko har tarike se samriddh kar de or ghar me paiso ki kami na ho or sabhi log khushi se jivan vaytit kar paye .
- Raja vikramaditya or dipawli :- Aetihasik manyato me kha jata h ki mahan samrat vikramaditya ke rajyaabhishek ke din bhi ayodhya sahit kai rajyo me dipawli manai gai . Isne is parv ko aetihasik mahatva bhi pradan kiya .
- Pandvo ki wapasi utsav :- Mhabharat ke anusar , pandav jab 12 sal ka vanvas or 1 sal ka agyatwas pura krke hastinapur laute to hastinapur ke logo ne diya jalakar unka swagat kiya .
3.JAIN DHARMA ME DIPAWLI KA MAHATVA
Dipawli ka mahatva sirf hindu dharma tak simit nhi h . Jain dharma me bhi ye parv bahut pavitra mana jata h .Manyata h ki isi din bhagwan mahavir swaji ne nirvan prapt kiya tha . Unke sewako ne diya jlakar us din ko yadgar banaya . Isiliye jain dharm ke smaj ke log ise ” moksh diwas ” ke roop me manate h.
4. SIKH DHARM ME DIPAWLI
Sikh dharma me bhi dipawli ka vishesh mahatva h. Itihas batata h ki chhathe gura “guru hargobind singh ji ko jab muglo ne gwalior ke kile me bandi banaya tha , Tab unki rihai dipawli ke din hui thi . Unke sath 52 hindu rajao ne ko bhi mukt kiya gya tha . Is karan sikh samaj ke log dipawli ko ” bandi chhod diwas ke roop me manata h .
5. Aetihasik drishti se diwapli
Dipawli kewal dharmik najariye se hi nhi balki aethasik or samajik drishti se bhi bahuut mahatvapurn h .
- Phle bharat me ye fasal katai ka parv bhi mana jata tha . Is samay kharif ka fasl katkar ghar aati thi . Or log naye dhan or samriddhi ka utsav manate the .
- Dipawli vyaparik sal ke shuruwat ka bhi pratik h . Kai vypari is din se apne naye lekhe -jokhe ki kitabo ko shuru krte h.
- Phle bharat me dipawli ke samay par rajnitik ghoshnaye or jankalyan yojnaye bhi ghosit ki jati thi .
6. DIPAWLI KE PANCH DIN
Dipawli sirf ek din ka tyohar nhi h balki panch dino ka mahotsav h. Dipawli ke har ek pancho din ki apni alag -alag mahatva or kahaniya h ,har din se kuch nkuch alag judi hui manyata h . or dipawli ke har din ka alag hi mja h .
- Dhanteras :- Phle din dhanteras manaya jata h , jisme dhanwantari jayanti or swasthaya -dhan ki puja ki jati h . Or din bajar se koi bhi sone, chandi , pital or ghar ke upyog me aane wali chijo ko lene ki mnayata h ,is din kuchh bhi saman lena bahut hi subh mana jata h.
- Narak chaturdashi (chhoti dipawli ) :-Is din bhagwan shree krishna ne narkasur nam ke rakshas ko markar 16,000 ladkiyo ko mukt karaya tha , Isliye usi din se isi ki yad me diwali ke ek din phle chhoti diwali ke roop me manai jati h.
- Dipawli (mukhya din ):- Is din lakshmi ma ka samudra manthan me janm hua tha ,or bhagwan shree ram ne vanvas ko pura krke ,ravan ko markar ayodhya wapas laute the , to ayodhya ke logo ne diya lalakar unka swagat kiya tha ,tabhi se dipawli manai jati .
- Govardhan puja :- Bhagwan shree krishna ne sabhi ko barish se bachane ke liye govardhan parvat ko apni ungali par utha liya tha . Tabhi se govardhan puja manai jati h.
- Bhaidooj :- Bhai -bhan ke pyar se yad me manai jati h.
7. SAHITYA ME DIPAWLI
Sanskrit , hindi , bangali ,gujarati or marathi me sahitya me dipawli ka pura varnan milta h. Kaviyo ne kewal dipawli ko roshni ka utsav hi nahi , balki manav jivan me aasha ,nai shuruwat or aadhyatmik utthan ka pratik bataya h .
8. SAMJIK OR SANSKRITIK MAHATVA
Dipawli samaj me bhaichare or meljol ko badhawa deti h. Is awsar par log apni apas ki ladai ko bhulkar ek -dusre ke ghar jate h,mithaiyabatte h or uphar dete h. Ghar -ghar ki safai , rangoli , diya sjawat or patakho ka shor pure vatavaran ko anandmay bna deta h.
9. PARYAWARN OR DIPAWLI
Hal ke salo me dipawli ka swaroop badal gya h. bahut jyada patakho ko jalane se vayu pradushan or dhwani pradushan badhta h. Isliye ab “green dipawli ” ka sandesh diya jata h ,jisme diya ,sjawat or praryawaran surakshit tarike se paev ko manane par jor diya ja rha h.
Diwali ka itihas kai pahalu wala h .Ye sirf dharmik utsav nhi h ,balki sanskritik ,aetihasik or samajik ekta ka pratik h. Ye parv hme ye sandesh deta h ki jivan me chahe kitni hi kathiy=naiya or andhkar kyu n ho , aakhir me roshni ki hi jeet hoti h. Dipawli hme sach , dharm or manavta ke raste par chalne ki prerna deti h.